Social theories in social work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Social theories in social work - Essay Example Social work is a discipline that involves the application of social theory and some research methods. The purpose of which is to improve the overall quality of living of society at large. Social work incorporates and uses other social sciences in order to improve the human conditions. Social work is thus a profession committed to attain social justice and an enhanced life style. Social work deals with and resolves almost every major social issue. Social workers are involved in the analyzing the root causes of various social problems and developing ideal solutions studies for the same. They may work with individuals, groups or the society evolved in the early nineteenth century.  Social work as a profession evolved in the early nineteenth century. This was initiated by the problems created in society by the industrial revolution. Social work as a profession. It was triggered by the vivid application of scientific reasoning and theories to various studies. Numerous educational instit utions accepted social work as a discipline and began to offer courses. In the twentieth century, the social work as a profession began to depend heavily upon research and various evidence based practices. This led to an overall improvement in the professionalism of social work. At present social workers are obsessed with myriads of pursuits in solving societal problems. Professional social workers usually hold a professional degree in social work and may even have a license or are professionally.

The Causes Of Prison Overcrowding Criminology Essay

The Causes Of Prison Overcrowding Criminology Essay In this research report i have explained the causes of prison overcrowding and how to deal with them and what are the solution and reduction plan for prison over crowding. The health and safety issues of inmates, offenders as well as the general public. INTRODUCTION Correctional Institution is a prison which means a place where the criminals are bieng kept in a limited and ristricted way. They are kept in a place where there is no freedom and there are different crime levels. Crime levels depends on what type of crime he or she has done and then they are transferred in a suitable place that is where do they deserve to spend there time in the prison, and are they in a condition to spend there time in a good way or in a restricted way that includes the facilities given by the Institutes. The facilities are those which is decided already by the government.Correctional Institutions involves a criminal justice system which makes the offenders detained and help them to improve themselves by facilities given by the institutions. Each country has its own way to the criminal justice system and uses its own correctional facilities in different methods. These institutions have 3 types of facilities which includes Jails, Prisons and Juvenile detention. The facilities also include a seprate buliding for male and female prisoners.If we look behind in the history, the criminals were kept in the jail and keeping them in a jail was not a punishment in itself, but it was rather a way to put them in restriction and limited levels until they could get a death penalty. Dungeons was known as a prison before and those prisoners which were left behind to die were usually sent to do salvery in which the prisoners can become Galley Slaves or facing Penal Transportation. For example, It was reported in france that they sent the convicts to devilà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Island and the UK colonies in America (Penal Transportation , 2012) Causes of Prison Overcrowding Prison Overcrowding is causing due to the high rate of criminals and not taking care of it by using correct means and ways to reduce the crime rate. There are certain issues implemented by the government by which an individual can easily sentenced to prison by a harsher penality on simple offenses.There are some common needs of the citizens, to get those common needs the citizens in take a wrong way to fulfill the need because there is no other way to reach it, the thing they want is very difficult to be fulfilled so they implement or plan to do very offensive and dangerous techniques which can give harm to government as well as countrys value, so keeping in mind everything, country also should give some facilities to the citizen so they dont find a wrong way to do it. There are some situations on which government gets very easy and does not keeps security in some levels where there should be high security and that gives an open chance to the criminals.Bieng tough on crime is also not good because goverment usually find no other way to solve the problem so they give punishment at the end of the day. The government should never be soft on crimes and as well as too much aggressive. These both things definetely gives the government a positive expectation of crime so it is better to implement such rules that gives a balanced situation of crime level.One of the causes that includes overcrowding is that there is very less number of facilities given to all of the offenders for example: Some offenders are given the facility and most of them are shifted back to the prisons that is out of state which increases the number, that causes overcrowding in prison. The main facility which is not given to the offenders are the high security prison beds. A offender th at needs a high security should not be left on a place where there is almost no security and the population of offenders are increasing but the goverment is not implementing accurate facility to the institutes.There are some prisoners who have never done any crime but just because they have some personal incident happened in there life so the hospitals cant handle them they are also sent to prison staff just to get some punishment instead they need a care until and unless they are some special case in there health Health Issues Overall The Health issues of a human bieng includes everything which is related to him or her happening in everyday routine weather its a mental stress or physical stress, any kind of stress taking place in human bieng gives a result in which they would have some health issues end of the day. Inmates and Prison Staff When we have a look on inmates and prison staff with there health issues most of the prisoners have mental disabilities. As reported in 2005 half of all the prison and jail offenders have mental health problems and that includes the number of health problems find in a prison that is 705,600 in State Prisons, 78,800 in Federal Prisons and 479,900 in local jails. These figures were configured by a personal interview with the State and Federal prisoners in 2004 and local jail inmates in 2002 (Glaze, 14/12/2006) As my research for prison staff, there were also female prisoners having mental health problems which were at a risk of abuse and at worst stage of mental illness. The women who doesnt have any mental issues can develope it by the enviroment given from the institutes which are very poor in condition, overcrowded, no safety and security and staff which were having to attiquates to deal with the females. General Public Health issues rising in general public is usually due to mental depression or stress which makes the human bieng aggressive and hyper and that causes many wrong things. As to my research violence is the main reason of public health problems. It was reported that violence and health were rarely used together 30 years ago (Services, 2009). There were many diseases like yellow fever, poliomyelitis, typhus, diphtheria, and pertussis but the main leading diseases were Tuberculosis and pneumonia in 20th century. Nowadays the health issues taking place in public is homicide, suicide, cancer, heart diseases, stroke and AIDS. These all diseases are taking place because of loads of stress, depression, diet changing, way of living, less workout and bieng careless on personal lifestyle and hygiene. Solutions and Precautions taken to resolve the issue As we look on the conditions of prison staff because they are going through mental illness and health problems so the correctional institute should provide or implement a way which is very caring and problem solving that they can atleast have peace of mind and feel comfortable as compare to punish them or sending them out of state.There are places in prison where there is just a room and you have to stay there eating, drinking, sleeping and your bathroom services in the same place which can give more mental stress and more health problems because there would be no hygiene. There are very few correctional institutes which have good facilities for the prisoner but most of the institutes or jails have very inadequate services and doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t know how to deal with them. Keeping in my mind all these things a country should organize an institute which should have some levels and categories to deal with different type of prisoners keeping in mind some factors Medical, Psychological, environmental etc and approaching a treatment that is very medicated and cleaned with some good facilities provided. As it is very challenging to maintain a good correctional institute due to increase in large number of prisoners, lack of resources, poor organization and high rate of mental illness and facing them repeatedly. Correctional Institutes can be a educational centre also if they can be given a better prison to improve themselves doing many knowledgeable things given by the institute for example: painting, writing and playing in an open ground so that they could feel better and relaxed. These all things could be given to the prisoners who are in a balanced condition to deal with, by approaching this task the prisoners with low mental illness can come in a better s ituation. Qualified Doctors are very less to work for the prison staff so the prison administration should make sure if the experts are dealing with the prisoners they should deal in a good way. Now as we come across the general public Most of the issues are solved are free to improve their health because they are not always alone dealing with themselves but they would have someone taking care or usually they have a family supporting them by which they get lots of help and care they needed until and unless they are on a situation where there health issue is accessed to the dangerous stage and that includes only suffering from a disease . Steps taken to reduce prison overcrowding As we look behind the circumstances and causes of the prison overcrowding the general steps should be taken first and to be started after having the positive reply of the public. Long Term It should be done in a that the government should banns the drugs in the country and charge fine whoever is using it. This way that the criminals should keep many things in mind. If they approach a new concept of giving warnings, fines, alerts then there will be a way of less criminals and less crowd in the prison. Short Term There are many countries which have very high crime rate and less organized correctional institute. Putting the criminals in jail only if they have done a big robbery or theft and then they can be handover to high authorities. Reduction Plan To reduce recidivism there should be a rapid plan, We can do it by increasing public safety by making sure to achieve a low rate of criminal behavior. We can give a service to the offenders and criminals in the prison by giving them a good chance to move back to their place but with a good attitude and with a safe environment. The community health centers can play a big role in solving this problem and implementing new law and order. For further details on reduction plan we can follow the FDC plan that is (A.McNeil, 2009-2014) Conclusion I would like to conclude my research on overcrowding by the interview given by Glen Whorton, who is the director of Ely state prison followed by the link (Whaley, 2007)

EMAIL ETIQUETTE Essay -- essays research papers fc

Email etiquette refers to a set of dos and don’ts that are recommended by business and communication experts in response to the growing concern that people are not using their email effectively or appropriately. Since email is part of the virtual world of communication, many people communicate in their email messages the same way they do in virtual chat rooms: with much less formality and sometimes too aggressively. Email etiquette offers some guidelines that all writers can use to facilitate better communication between themselves and their readers. One overall point to remember is that an email message does not have non-verbal expression to supplement what we are "saying." Most of the time we make judgments about a person’s motives and intentions based on their tone of voice, gestures, and their proximity to us. When those are absent it becomes more difficult to figure out what the message sender means. It is much easier to offend or hurt someone in email a nd that is why it is important to be as clear and concise as possible. Electronic mail (E-mail) cannot replace personal contact. David Angell states that electronic email has many advantages, â€Å"†¦eliminates phone tag, †¦breaks down the distance and time barriers of telephone calls and traditional written communication, †¦shortens the cycle of written communication, †¦improves productivity, †¦creates flexibility†¦by reducing telephone interruptions.† (Angell-Heslop 2). There is a tendency to be less formal or careful, which can sometimes provoke anger. Remember that direct, person-to-person contact is best for handling sensitive, difficult, complex, or emotional issues. Therefore, a company needs to implement etiquette rules for the following three reasons: professionalism, by using proper email language your company will convey a professional image, efficiency, emails that get to the point are much more effective than poorly worded emails, and protection from liability: employee awareness of email risks will protect your company from costly law suits. There are many etiquette guides and many different etiquette rules. Some rules will differ according to the nature of your business and the corporate culture. A few of these rules are to be concise and to the point, answer all questions, pre-empt further questions, use proper spelling, grammar & punctuation, answer swiftly, do not attach unnecessar... ...ensitive. If you don't understand a particular item, ask the sender for clarification before replying to an incorrect conclusion. In a reply, include the relevant parts of the original message for clarity, but keep the quotations to a minimum. Otherwise, simply attach the original message. Cite your information clearly and correctly, even if you are paraphrasing. When ending an email always use a signature because it identifies who you are and includes means of contacting you, but keep it short. Remember that electronic email is about communication with other people. When you compose an e-mail message, read it over before sending it and ask yourself what your reaction would be if you received it. Anytime spent on making out email clearer is time well spent. Works Cited Angell, David, and Brent Heslop. The Elements of E-Mail Style: Communication Effectively Via Electronic Mail. Canada: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1994. Harris, David. â€Å"Electronic Mail Etiquette.† School of Computing. 1997. Queens University 14 July 2003 . Miller, Samantha. E-Mail Etiquette: Do’s and Don’ts and Disaster Tales from People Magazine’s Internet Manners Expert. New York: Warner Books, Inc., 2001.

Company law ans

Bristol is a substantial shareholder in Chester-Perry Industries Ltd. A business competitor, Gun and Fames Pity Ltd, is selling in great volume a cookbook similar to one in respect of which Chester-Perry Industries holds the copyright. Bristol believes his company has incurred a substantial loss and his own shares have been reduced In value by $150,000. HIS solicitors believe an Infringement of copyright has occurred. Cycles and Pollock are the directors of Chester-Perry Industries Ltd. They state that they have decided not to litigate because they believe hat to take legal action for infringement of copyright is too expensive and risky.Bristol is unsure whether the directors of Chester-Perry Industries have any interest in Gun and Fames Pity Ltd. On the general principles laid down Salmon's case, can Bristol sue Gun & Fames? Issue: Can Bristol sue Gun & Fames on behalf of Chester-Perry as a shareholder in Chester-Perry? Relevant law: Salomon. Application: The House of Lords in Salom on held that upon incorporation, a company beneficially becomes a separate legal entity even though its issued shares are owned by the same person Like In Salomon.Similarly In this question, Chester-Perry Is a company that has been incorporated and therefore, is a separate legal entity from all its shareholders. In this case, according to Salomon, Bristol who is a shareholder of Chester- Perry cannot sue Gun & Fames on behalf of Chester-Perry as a company is separate from its shareholders. Conclusion: Bristol cannot sue Gun & Fames on behalf of Chester Perry due to the principle laid down in Salomon where upon incorporation Chester Perry is considered as a separate legal entity from all its shareholders, including Tutorial 2 Bristol.Q(a). The Constitution of Big Hopes Pity. Ltd. Includes the following provisions: Rule XSL: On any Increase In capital the new shares must be offered to members In proportion to their excellent shares. John (an existing shareholder) is distressed when an allotment of a new issue is Issue: of What action can John take against Big Hopes for failing to allot new issue shares to him according to Rule xi of the Constitution? Relevant law: CA 2001. Application: s. 140(1)(a) states that a constitution of a company is a contract between the company and its company and its shareholders.In this essence, both the shareholders are bind by the constitution. Must Big In this instance, Rule xi of Big Hopes' constitution states that new shares be offered to existing shareholders as per their existing shares. However, Hopes failed to allot new shares to John as according to his existing shares and have therefore breached its contractual obligation in the constitution under Conclusion: John can take an action against Big Hope under s. 140(1)(a) for breaching its to contractual obligation in its constitution for failing to allot the new shares John as per his existing shares.Tutorial 3 Q. John, Ring, George and Paul incorporate Big Hopes Pity Ltd for their property development business. Big Hopes Pity Ltd was empowered under a provision in its constitution to appoint a managing director. However, the company did not appoint managing director, executed a contract with Vincent for the purchase of a certain property. The market price for the property subsequently collapsed. The board of Big Hopes Pity Ltd, learning of the contract, expressed their disapproval to Paul and claimed that the company was not bound by the contract.Vincent seeks your advice as to his legal position. Issue: Is the company bound by the contract with Vincent? Relevant law: Constructive notice, Turned, and s. 129(2)(a) and (b), s. 29(5) (6) CA 2001 , Actual authority and Apparent authority. Application: Under the old principle of constructive notice, the constitution of public companies are made available for public inspection and therefore, the public are deemed well aware of the limitations on the authority of the companies' principle will not apply here a s Big Hopes is a private officers. This old company.Furthermore, under the common law Turnaround's case, any outsiders with companies can assume that the persons with whom they are with have the authority to contract on behalf of the companies and all proceedings have been complied with. Dealing internal In this case, the constitution of Big Hopes states that a MD should be appointed but did not state that Paul has been properly appointed as the MD. Vincent can argue that he assume that Paul has been appointed as the as per the Turnaround's case and therefore, has the authority to contract on behalf of the company.He also has no actual knowledge or suspicion that Vincent has not been properly appointed (Note: In test/exam, if there are any circumstances that arouse suspicion, argue using the case of Nonresident Developments). The principle of constructive notice has also been abolished by s. 130(1) of CA 2001. In dealing with companies, outsiders are entitled to make certain assumpt ions contained in s. 129 of ACACIA as per s. 128(1) of ACACIA. In this instance, Vincent can argue that he has been empowered by s. 128(1) to make certain s. 129 assumptions when contracting with Paul from Big Hopes. Reticular, he can assume under and (b) that Paul has been properly appointed as the MD of Big Hopes and can therefore exercise all the customary duties of a MD which include entering into contracts on behalf of Hopes. In this essence, Vincent can assume that Paul has actual implied authority to enter into contracts on behalf of Big Hopes. Note: In test/exam, if question requires arguing on apparent/ostensible authority, use the case of Freeman Locker to support your argument). Vincent can also argue either s. 129(5) or (6) depending on whether Big Hopes execute contracts by way of seal or without seal.Either way, Vincent can argue that Paul has complied with all the internal proceedings when executing the contract with/without seal (e. G. Proper meeting, quorum, fixatio n of seal, witnessing of fixation et cetera) under either of these two sections. The exceptions under s. 128(4) CA 2001 will not apply to Vincent as he has ever known or suspected that Paul has not been properly appointed and the contract has not been properly executed. Conclusion:Big Hopes is bound by the contract with Vincent under both common law (as per Turnaround's case whereby entitled to make certain s. 29 assumptions again, there is no evidence suggesting any when dealing with Big Hopes and exceptions under s. 128(4) that will rebut the s. 129 assumptions made by Vincent. Tutorial 4 Q. Maria is keen to purchase shares in Action Ltd. , but is unable to raise sufficient funds to do so. It is suggested that the company lend Maria the sum of $50,000 to enable her to complete the purchase. The directors of Action Ltd. Seek your advice as to this proposal. Issue: Can Action Ltd lend Maria the sum of $50,000? Is this considered as financial assistance?Relevant law: s. AAA(1) CA 200 1, ASIA v Adler. Application: Under s. AAA(1), a company may only financially assist a person if it (a) does not materially prejudice the interests of its shareholders and affect its ability to pay its creditors, (b) must be approved by all shareholders, and (c) exempted by s. CHIC. Therefore, before Action Ltd lends the $50,000 to Maria, it must ensure that it has comply with all the requirements in s. AAA(1). Otherwise, Action Ltd will be breaching s. AAA(1) as per the case of ASIA v Adler. In ASIA v Adler, Mr..Adler the director in HI has utilized the money of HI to financially assist his personal company PEE to purchase the shares in HI when HI was already in financial difficulty and without the approval of the shareholders. The court deemed this to be a contravention of s. AAA(1). Requirements in s. AAA(1). Conclusion:Action Ltd can only financially assist Maria to purchase the shares of Action Ltd if it satisfied all the requirements in s. AAA(1). Otherwise, Action Ltd will be deemed to have contravened s. AAA(1) as per the case of ASIA v Adler.Tutorial 5 Q. An opportunity has arisen to purchase land for development at Christmas Hills. The shareholders of Central Developments Ltd. Passed a resolution that the company purchases the land. However, the directors have ignored the resolution and refuse to act on it. Are the directors bound to implement the shareholders' resolution? Issue: Are the directors of Central Developments bound by the shareholders' resolution to purchase the land at Christmas Hills? Relevant law: Separation of ownership and management powers, Automatic Self- Cleansing, John Shaw.Application: Under the principle of separation of ownership and management powers, the management of the company is vested fully in the board of directors despite the shareholders owning the company. Therefore, the shareholders cannot pass resolutions instructing the directors on how to manage the company. According to the cases of Automatic Self-cleansing and John Shaw, the directors as long as acting within the management powers bequeathed on them by the company's constitution have absolute power in managing the company and the shareholders have no rights to interfere in this as per the company's constitution.In this event, the directors of Central Developments can ignore the resolution of the shareholders to purchase the land at Christmas Hills because purchasing of land can be considered as a type of management power and only the Conclusion: The directors of Central Developments can ignore the resolution of the shareholders to purchase the land at Christmas Hills because the directors have absolute power to manage the company including whether to purchase the land as per the principle of separation of ownership and management powers and the cases of Automatic Self-cleansing and John Shaw.Tutorial 6 IQ. Seven Dwarves Ltd operates nursing homes. Its directors are Sleepy, Grumpy and Dopey. They hold 30% of the shares in the company. The directors allocate 1 million new shares to certain business associates. This has upset certain shareholders who claim that the placement was made with a view to preventing a future takeover offer being made. The directors claim that the allotment was made to raise cash required for the company's future needs. Advise the shareholders.Issue: Advise the shareholders whether the directors have breached any of their director's duties by allocating 1 million new shares to certain business associates? Relevant law: s. 181 CA 2001 â€Å"proper purpose† (but for test), Whitehorse v Carlton, Howard Smith. Application: Under s. 181 CA 2001, directors must act in good faith, in the best interest of the shareholders and for a proper purpose. The shareholders in claimed that the directors have issued 1 million new shares to Seven Dwarves certain business associates to defeat a takeover and therefore, the issuing of these new shares is for an improper purpose.To determine whether the issui ng of new shares is for an improper purpose (I. E. To defeat a takeover), the but for test will be applied. But for to defeat a future takeover, will the directors issue the 1 million new shares? † (Note: Students must reason and argue on this question to reach an answer, either Yes/No). If the but for test reveals that no, if not to defeat a takeover, the directors will not issue the new shares, then obviously the reason for issuing shares is to defeat a takeover. He to prevent the wife from having majority control over the business and in the case of Howard Smith, whereby new shares were issued to prevent future takeover, the court ruled that the issuing of new shares in these cases was for improper purpose. Therefore, the directors have breached s. 181 because their purpose in issuing the 1 million new shares to certain business associates is to defeat a future takeover which is considered as improper as per the two cases discussed above. Conclusion: The directors of Seven Dwarves have breached s. 81 because they have issued cases new shares for an improper purpose (I. E. To defeat a takeover) as per the of Whitehorse v Carlton and Howard Smith. Tutorial 7 (This question is not taken out from the tutorial questions but you can still use it as a reference for answering questions from this tutorial) Sam and Pete are the erectors in BBC Pity Ltd. They have decided to use the 1 million dollars in the company's bank account to invest in the shares of DEAF Ltd after doing all the necessary research and making all the necessary inquiries by themselves from the Internet and financial Journals and magazines.Six months after the investment, the World Financial Crisis occurs and DEAF Ltd goes into liquidation causing BBC Pity Ltd to lose its 1 million dollars investment. Do the shareholders of BBC Pity Ltd have a course of action against Sam and Pete? Issue: Do the shareholders of BBC have a course of action against Sam and Pete for asking an investment that cau sed the company to lose 1 million dollars? Relevant law: Old subjective common law standard, Re Cardiff Bank, Re City Equitable Fire Insurance, Daniels v Anderson (objective standard), s. 80(1) and s. 180(2) CA 2001. Application: Under the old common law, a subjective standard is applied to directors when exercising their duty of care towards their companies. In both the case of Re Cardiff Bank and Re City Equitable Fire Insurance, the subjective standard is applied whereby directors were only required to exercise duty of care as per their personal level f skill and experience. However, this approach has been overruled by the modern objective standard landmarks in the case of Daniels v Anderson.In this case, all directors are expected to exercise a duty of care that any other reasonable directors will apply in the same position and circumstance and not according to their personal level of skill and experience. This standard is further illustrated in 180(1) CA 2001 which states that directors must exercise their power with degree of care that any reasonable directors would exercise in the same circumstances, position and responsibilities. In this event, if the shareholders of BBC are able to establish that any other Sam and Pete would be breaching their duty of care towards BBC under 180(1).However, Sam and Pete will be able to raise the Business Judgment Rule Defense (BBC) in s. 180(2) CA 2001. In order for them to raise the BBC, they must satisfy four elements; (1) They have made the business Judgment in good faith and for a proper purpose – there is no evidence that Sam and Pete have ill intentions when making the investment, (2) They have no material personal interest in the business Judgment – again, there is no evidence that Sam andPete have gained any benefits financial or non-financial wise from the investment, (3) They have informed themselves of the subject matter of the business Judgment – there is evidence that Sam and Pete have done all the necessary research including online and from Journals and magazines, and (4) Any other reasonable person in the same position and circumstances would have made the same investment as they did after doing all the research – Sam and Pete must be able to prove so. If Sam and Pete are able to establish all the elements in s. 180(2), then they will be able to use the BBC to defend themselves from breaching s. 0(1). Conclusion: The shareholders of BBC will have a course of action against Sam and Pete if they can prove that no reasonable director will invest the 1 million dollars in DEAF and therefore, in doing so, Sam and Pete have breached their duty of care to the company under s. 180(1). However, if Sam and Pete can establish all the elements under s. 180(2), then they will be able to use the BBC to defend themselves from breaching s. 180(1). Tutorial 8 (These questions are not taken out from the tutorial questions but you can a shareholder in EX. Pity Ltd.

Netw240 Week 2 Lab

NETW240 Week 2 Lab: Basic Linux Commands and Directories Lab Scenario Launching Your Lab The status of your lab is displayed at the top of the left navigation column. Click the Start Lab Now button. A progress bar displays while the lab is being initialized. During this time you can view items under the Content area of the left navigation bar. When initialization is complete, the status changes to In Progress. The clock starts and a lab diagram displays in the main content area. Click on the diagram that appears, and your virtual lab experience will begin.If your connection isn't working, verify connectivity by clicking Verify Connection in the Tools section on the left navigation bar. Assignment * Identify the difference between a casual user and the superuser (or root) by examining the shell prompt. * Illustrate the command used to switch from a casual user to the superuser. * Diagram, label, and describe the major system directories beneath root (/). * Illustrate the use of basic Linux shell commands to move around in the hierarchical file system. Diagram Lab Tasks See Chapter 3, The Linux File System.Note about text editors in Element K: All text editor tasks in this lab are shown using the nano text editor, but you are also free to use the vi text editor as an option if you know the more complex command hierarchy. If you are using nano as your text editor and Internet Explorer or Chrome as your browser, you cannot use Ctrl-O to save your file. This hot key is used by IE and Chrome to open files. You will have to exit and save as follows: Press Ctrl-X (Exit); at the prompt â€Å"Save Modified Buffer,† press Y then Enter. This will save the file and exit the text editor.Mozilla Firefox does not have this issue with Ctrl-O. | Step 1: Procedures If you are not already logged in, please log in as a standard user. Your login name will be student or vlab with the password password. 1. Click on Applications ; System Tools ; Terminal. This will bring up a Te rminal screen for you so you can apply the commands in this lab. 2. Using the â€Å"switch user† (su) command, switch from standard user mode to the superuser (root) user mode. The root password is the same as the student password. 3. During the lab, you will be asked to enter answer to questions asked in your lab activities.You need to enter the answers to these labs at the bottom of this lab page and submit that to your course shell Dropbox in order to receive credit for it. Step 2: File System Navigation 1: Display a long listing of the filesystem root ( ? ). Enter ls –l. Verify the output is in a long list format. 2: Display a long listing of the ? etc directory. Enter ls -l ? etc. Verify that the output is from the ? etc directory and is a long list. What type of files may you find in this directory? Write your answer in the answer sheet at the bottom of this lab. 3: Display a long listing of the ? in directory. Enter ls -l ? bin. Verify that the output is from th e ? bin directory and is a long list. What type of files may you find in this directory? Write your answer in the answer sheet at the bottom of this lab. 4: Display a long listing of the ? sbin directory. Enter ls -l ? sbin. Verify that the output is from the ? sbin directory and is a long list. What type of files may you find in this directory? Write your answer in the lab report document. 5: Display a long listing of the ? dev directory. Enter ls -l ? dev. Verify that the output is from the ? dev directory and is a long list.What type of files may you find in this directory? What is this directory used for? Write your answers in the lab report document. 6: Display a long listing of the ? usr directory. Enter ls -l ? usr. Verify that the output is from the ? usr directory and is a long list. What type of files may you find in this directory? Write your answer in the lab report document. 7: Display a long listing of the ? home directory. Enter ls -l ? home. Verify that the output is from the ? home directory and is a long list. What type of files may you find in this directory? Write your answer in the lab report document. : Display a long listing of the ? root directory and its hidden files. Enter ls -al ? root. Verify that the output is from the ? root directory and is a long list. What type of files may you find in this directory? What is this directory used for? Write your answers in the lab report document. 9: Return to your home directory. Enter cd ?. Enter pwd. What does the acronym pwd stand for? What is the output of the pwd command? Character â€Å"? † represents your home directory, regardless of who you are logged in as. What is a home directory used for? Write your answers in the lab report document. 0: Create files. Enter touch example1. Enter cp example1 example2. 11: Create a directory. Enter mkdir file-cabinet. Enter ls. You should see files example1 and example2 and a directory called file-cabinet. 12: Change directory. Enter cd file-c abinet. Enter ls. Enter pwd. What directory are you in? Write your answer in the lab report document. Enter cd †¦ Enter pwd. Notice that the command cd .. took you back to the higher level directory. 13: Delete the directory. Enter ls. Enter rmdir file-cabinet. Enter ls. Was the directory file-cabinet deleted? Write your answer in the lab report document. 4: Delete the files. Enter ls. You should still be able to see both the example1 and example2 files. Enter rm example* (* represents zero or more characters). Enter ls. Were the example1 and example2 files deleted? Write your answer in the lab report document. 15: Get help on the ls command. Enter man ls | less. Now you can use your up and down arrow keys to scroll through the information on the ls command. You will notice that there are many options that can be used with this command. Remember that in order to use any of these commands you have to use a space between the command and the option.For example, ls -l works, but ls -l will not work. Result: N/A Step 3: Use the nano command line editor to create and modify files. Action: 1: Navigate to your home directory. Enter cd ~. Enter pwd. What directory are you in currently? Write your answer in the lab report document. 2: Use nano to create a file. Enter nano myfile1. You are now in Editor Mode for the file myfile1. 3: Add content to the file. At this point, you can type in some text. Type in your full name, address, and phone number on different lines. 4: Control Keys for nano. Note the control menu at the bottom of the nano text editor.The (^) symbol refers to the Ctrl key, so ^X (Exit) refers to simultaneously pressing the Ctrl and X keys. Other common control keys are ^K and ^U for cut and paste operations and ^R for opening a new file. ^W is a control key for finding text in a file. If you are using nano as your text editor and Internet Explorer or Chrome as your browser, you cannot use Ctrl-O to save your file. This hotkey is used by IE and Chrome to open files. You will have to exit and save as follows: press Ctrl-X (Exit) and at the prompt Save Modified Buffer, press Y then Enter.This will save the file and exit the text editor. Mozilla Firefox does not have this issue with Ctrl-O. 5: Save your modifications and exit. Press Ctrl-O and press Enter to save your myfile1 file. Press Ctrl-X to exit the nano command line text editor. 6: Check the content of your file. Enter cat myfile1. You now can see your contents of the myfile1 file. This concludes your lab. Download the lab report document for week 2. Please complete all questions on the answer page and submit the answers in the lab report template in the iLab section of the course shell.

Superstitions of Huck Finn essays

Superstitions of Huck Finn essays In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Jim and Huck use and believe in many superstitions. There are many examples from the book that show this in the characters. Most of the superstitions are very ridiculous, but some actually make a little sense. In the first example, Huck seen a spider was crawling on his shoulder and he flipped it off and it landed in a lit candle. It shriveled up and died. Huck said it would fetch him some awful bad luck. He got up and turned around three times and crossed his breast every time. Then he tied up a little lock of his hair with a thread to keep witches away. He says that the ritual he did was for losing a found horseshoe and did not know if it would work. These superstitions and remedies seem pretty far-fetched and it is hard to say where they originated, but I would have to say they originated down South. I think it originated down south because I am from up North and I have never heard any one speak of those superstitions. Huck believes in these probably because he grew up with them and they were always taught to him and he is so ignorant he does not know better. One morning Huck turned over the saltcellar at breakfast. He went to throw the salt- cellar over his left shoulder to cancel the bad luck, but Miss Watson stopped him. All day he wondered when something would fall on him and what it would be. This all implies that Huck thinks something is going to fall on him, because of his accident. I have heard about bad luck from spilling salt so I think this Superstition started in the North or maybe it was just popular and spread quickly. I do not believe there is hardly any fact at all to this. Huck believes in this probably because of the way he grew up. Jim said when young chickens flew a yard or two at a time and lighting it was a sign that it was going to rain. He thought if birds did it, it would be the same. Also Jim said if you caught one of them you would...

Minority discrimination in a work place essays

Minority discrimination in a work place essays This current issue is based on the articles in the National Post on June 16,2000 "Coca Cola Hit With New Race Bias Suit". This article refers to the employment discrimination on the basis of race and colour. Coca cola company was slapped with a new racial discrimination lawsuit filed against the company, after its settlement involving a similar discrimination suit. Lawyers had filed this race-discrimination lawsuit, this one alleging that black workers had been passed over for promotion, paid less than their white colleagues, and force to do demeaning jobs. The new suit was filed in Fulton County Superior court, involves four black women who were former Coke employees. It is unlawful to discriminate against any employee for employment because of his/her race or colour in regard to hiring, terminating, promotion, compensation, job training, or any other privilege of employment. Harassment on the basis of race or colour racial comments or other verbal or physical conduct based on an individual race is not appropriate in a work place. The worlds largest soft drink company was maintaining racially biased hiring practices and a hostile work environment for blacks and minority workers. This current issue is based on the articles in the National Post on June 16,2000 "Coca Cola Hit With New Race Bias Suit". This article refers to the employment discrimination on the basis of race and colour. Coca cola company was slapped with a new racial discrimination lawsuit filed against the company, after its settlement involving a similar discrimination suit. Lawyers had filed this race-discrimination lawsuit, this one alleging that black workers had been passed over for promotion, paid less than their white colleagues, and force to do demeaning jobs. The new suit was filed in Fulton County Superior court, involves four black women who were former Coke employees. It is unlawful to discriminate against any employee for e ...

Bill Clinton As Vice President - Constitutional Issue

Bill Clinton As Vice President - Constitutional Issue The question of whether Bill Clinton could be elected vice president and be allowed to serve in that capacity surfaced during the 2016 presidential election when his wife, Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton, jokingly told interviewers the idea had crossed my mind. The question goes deeper, of course, than just whether Bill Clinton could be elected and serve as vice president. Its about whether any president who has served out his  statutory limit of two terms as president could then serve as vice president and next in the line of succession to the commander in chief. The easy answer is: We dont know. And we dont know because no president whos served two terms has actually come back and tried to win election to vice president. But there are key parts of the U.S. Constitution that appear to raise enough serious questions about whether Bill Clinton or any other two-term president could later serve as a vice president. And there are enough red flags to keep any serious presidential candidate from picking someone like Clinton as a running mate. Generally speaking, a candidate wouldn’t want to select a running mate when there’s serious doubt about the running mate’s eligibility, and when there are many other good alternatives as to whom there’s no doubt, wrote Eugene Volokh, a professor at the UCLA School of Law. The Constitutional Problems With Bill Clinton Being Vice President The 12th Amendment to the U.S.Constitution states that â€Å"no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States.† Clinton and other former U.S. presidents clearly met the eligibility requirements to be vice president  at one point - that is, they were at least 35 years old at the time of the election, they had lived in the United States for at least 14 years, and they were natural born U.S. citizens. But then comes the 22nd Amendment, which states that no person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice. So now, under this amendment, Clinton and other two-term presidents are rendered ineligible to be president again. And that ineligibility to be president, according to some interpretations, makes them ineligible to be vice president under the 12th amendment, though this interpretation has never been test by the U.S. Supreme Court. Clinton has been elected to the presidency twice. So he can no longer be elected to the presidency, according to the language of the 22nd Amendment. Does that mean he is constitutionally ineligible to serve as president, to use the language of the 12th Amendment? asked FactCheck.org journalist Justin Bank. If so, he could not serve as vice president. But finding out would certainly make for an interesting Supreme Court case. In other words, writes  Volokh in The Washington Post: Does constitutionally ineligible to the office of President mean (A) constitutionally barred from being  elected  to the office of President, or (B) constitutionally barred from  serving  in the office of President? If it means option A - if eligible is roughly synonymous, for elected offices, with electable - then Bill Clinton would be ineligible to the office of president because of the 22nd Amendment, and thus ineligible to the office of vice president because of the 12th Amendment. On the other hand, if eligible means simply constitutionally barred from serving, then the 22nd Amendment doesn’t speak to whether Bill Clinton is eligible for the office of president, since it only says that he may not be  elected  to that office. And because there’s nothing in the constitution that makes Clinton ineligible for the presidency, the 12th   Amendment doesn’t make him ineligible for the vice presidency. Cabinet Position Are Also Problematic for Bill Clinton Theoretically, the 42nd president of the United States would have been eligible to serve in his wifes cabinet, though some legal scholars might raise concerns if she were to nominate him  to secretary of the Department of State. It would have placed him in the line of succession to the presidency, and should his wife and her vice president have become unable to serve Bill Clinton would have become president - an ascension some scholars believe would have been in violation of the spirit of the Constitutions 22nd Amendment prohibition on presidents serving a third term.

Emerging Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Emerging Technologies - Essay Example Peer-to-peer file sharing is highly beneficial to all users and other potential users based on the intent of use. In this regard, installation of bitTorrent clients is simple, as so is the configuration of all computers on the sharing network. With this in mind, time is saved for purposes that are more constructive rather than spending extended periods working on it. In addition, all resources required for file transfer are shared amongst peers making the file transfer process efficient. This is due to the elimination of servers that store content and are more susceptible to failure, which inconveniences users (Rodrigues and Druschel 2010, p.72). For this reason, p2p allows users to continue functionally without influencing other users thus; is more reliable as compared to server based sharing. In addition, it is relatively cheap as compared to other networks due to the few resources required and elimination of additional hardware. ... Concerning business, p2p sharing can be used for intra-business collaborative project management, where participants in project share documents and personal files with one another. Non-commercially, it can be used for academic purposes to publish research works between and amongst scholars as is seen in the LionShare Project in the Pennsylvania State University (Federal Trade Commission 2005, p.5). In addition, persons or users who do not wish to charge for their content, such as musicians providing free, legal downloads or artists providing writing, art photography and other electronic content may use it. However, despite this, P2p networks are difficult to secure due to the numerous hops made by the network to reach the required files and pieces making it one of the main hurdles that the technology faces. Since p2p is widely implemented over the internet, it is relatively easy to break into using erroneous code responses at the application and network levels leading to denial of se rvice (Krebs 2009). In addition, attacks on the network could occur through where certain users would like to store information, maliciously on available nodes/ user computers against what is allowed. With this, p2p is vulnerable, and trustworthiness of files shared remains in question. In conclusion, the development of p2p has been in progress for a long time and is yet to achieve its ultimate intended goal. As a result, it is crucial to understand its working and problems behind it and by overcoming the stated challenges, the technology could advance greatly for large-scale legal use. Cloud Computing Abstract Cloud computing is a technology that

Brief Justification for Selecting Cantonese Cuisine Assignment

Brief Justification for Selecting Cantonese Cuisine - Assignment Example First, Cantonese cuisine dishes include a stilled whole fish, roast suckling pig. Additionally, crispy-skinned chicken and shark’s fin soup form part of Cantonese cuisine dishes. The hotel considers these ingredients special because of their indigenous nature and quality. As a result, these meals are popular in China and neighboring countries. The dishes are also unique given the Cantonese cuisine. This cuisine is applicable in this region because of the abundance of the ingredients of the dishes. In this respect, Canton is abundant of diverse animal and plant food sources. This port city has been a prime attraction of many foreign techniques of cooking and cooking materials. Second, the major focus of Cantonese cuisine is on the heating temperature applied in the course of cooking the dishes. Other cooking techniques originated from Europe in order to supplement the Cantonese cuisine. The foreign techniques improved the Cantonese cuisine. This is because the dishes prepared could fit all kinds’ races. The fact that even the hotel incorporates western cooking techniques into the Cantonese cuisine is proof that this dish accommodates preferences from multiple regions across the globe. This is why restaurants serve this cuisine across the world. Gillespie (2010) says customers associate Cantonese cuisine dishes with an intensive selection of materials. The Cantonese cuisine involves stir-frying, frying, stewing, and braising. Third, the hotel also considers food color, taste, and fragrance. This is because these qualities are the ones, which make any food appealing to clients. According to Ninemeier (2009), Cantonese cuisine focuses on a variety of food preparation methods in order to satisfy the desires of customers. One achieves diversity in this aspect because Ninemeier considers all races.  

The Effects of Alcohol Consumption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Effects of Alcohol Consumption - Essay Example Nevertheless, moderate drinking refers to taking a maximum of two drinks in a day, though there is a notion that the amount of alcohol that is moderate and safe for individuals depends on the age, sex, weight and other factors. In addition, a standard drink should have ten grams of alcohol, and it is served in typical size glasses while a glass of wine is considered equitable to two standard drinks when served in two hundred milliliter glass. Moreover, there are labels on the bottles of alcoholic drinks that indicate the standard drink contained. However, despite this information reasonable ideas concerning alcohol, people are still abusing alcohol and this leads to some effects. Therefore, this paper will seek to discuss the effects of alcohol consumption on human beings, whereby different psychosocial complications related to consumption of alcohol will be explored. There have been increased rates of alcohol consumption in different parts of the world, and this has led to drawing attentions to the public health concerning the implications of alcohol consumption. In fact, resent studies have depicted that the increased rate of alcohol consumption around the globe contributes significantly to the rise in cases of disability and death. Therefore, there are harmful effects of alcohol consumption on the health due to an increased chance of developing an addiction, which results to be a significant concern for a long period. Consequently, this has led to the need for recognizing alcohol consumption as a risk factor contributing to transmission of numerous communicable diseases, accidents, social and domestic violence. In addition, different patterns of dinking have an influence on the results of the long-term effects of intoxication causing health and social problems. The Absorption of alcohol occurs in the stomach through the small intestines, after which it is distributed to the other organs, and tissues via the blood circulation. However, there is a substantial amount of alcohol absorbed by the liver at a high rate, and it is broken down to form carbon dioxide water and energy. After the alcohol is consumed, the chemicals are excreted via the kidneys, which entail approximately ninety-eight percent alcohols and the two to five percent, through sweat, breath and urine. After the intake of alcohol, there are numerous organs in the body that are affected leading to medical complications such as severe damage on the stomach lining, continual liver damage, and loss of intellectual function. Other severe problem occurs after consumption of alcohol and prolonged use, though some of these problems are treatable, but in some instances, the damage caused may be permanent. One effect of alcohol consumption relates causing a disease referred to as gastric and acid peptic disease, which is associated with effect on the lining of the stoma ch that results to serious damage known as gastritis (Bujanda, 3382). The symptoms of this condition are vomiting during instances of heavy drinking while there is other severe gastritis affects common consumers of excess alcohol without eating food. Consequently, this result to a repeated damage on the stomach lining, which results to hyperacidity also referred to as a disease called acid peptic. The other consequence relates to the alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which results from severe complications of long-term consumption of alcohol. Moreover, there are stages associated with the condition, which are identified through

Week 2 Productivity Ctrl and Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 2 Productivity Ctrl and - Essay Example Productive Activity Control (PAC) involves the conversion of plans into actions, revising the plans and actions intended to achieve the desired results and the report of the achieved results. PAC system, therefore, demands suitable prior planning of materials, orders, the personnel and the capacity requirements. PAC system manages materials, equipments and resources properly according to delivery or allocated time for specific orders (Adam & Sammon, 2003). PAC has three major functions which include order dispatching, release and progress reporting. Dispatching involves activation of orders according to the original plans, which can be affected by I/O control, queue management or the principles and techniques of prior control. Dispatching decision helps in managing queue length, lead-time, the scheduled order completion and work center idle time. Material Requirements Planning is the system essential in avoidance of the missing parts. MRP establishes a priority plan highlighting the require components at all levels of assembly according to lead times where it calculates the time when the components will be required. MRP has two main objectives which include requirement’s determination and keeping the priorities updated. The main aim of MRP system is to acquire right materials in desired quantities at the appropriate time in order to meet product’s demand of the firm. The MRP system should also be capable of expediting, changing, delaying, and deleting orders because of the daily changes of demand and supply. The feedback effects from PAC to MRP include warning signals and status information. Warning signals assists in material and capacity plans. MRP system should be fed with the plan and control of raw materials while in processing state (Adam & Sammon, 2003). Lead time is the overall period needed to produce an item, including queue time, order preparation time, move time, setup time, inspection time, run

Case 10.1. Electrolux company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case 10.1. Electrolux company - Essay Example What the company did to make this tremendous turn-around is instead of letting each of the departments, like marketing and design, work independently from one another on the same project, they came together and worked as a team. This allowed for stronger visions for a product and newer insight on what different demographics would be looking for in a product. Essentially, the company had stereotyped a person, like â€Å"Catherin,† and became that person to get a feel for what they would want out of a product. Then long and behold, you have the Breeze. This concept proved to be successful for the company. They have other competitors out there that are striving to make the best appliances, and these are companies that have been around a lot longer, like Whirlpool, yet they still have an appeal that the consumers are drawn too. What allowed them to have this advantage is that they pulled the design people to help make the product look appealing in with the engineers of the product who are producing a product that is easy to use yet very effective and different from what is already available, and they had the marketing team there who could help find the best way to get the product sold.

Anger Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anger Management - Essay Example There are several factors that influence effects of anger to a person; these include race, sex, cultural and family background, and age. Anger is a two-sided emotion that may be beneficial to an individual (constructive anger) by warning of expected problems, at the same time bring harm (Peacock, Stutman and London, 2000). ADA Americans with Disabilities Act is a civil rights legislation policy that contains stipulated actions concerning the accommodation of individuals possessing any kind of disability in terms of access to judicial system, services, programs, and activities. In this scenario, John can use the ADA to assist him in the circumstances facing his employment. Both anger and emotional swings affecting John are due to the bipolar disorder, which is a mental disability. Such forms of disability are described within the ADA policy to hold ground in any given situation at the workplace, as it appears under the request for accommodation in court proceedings section of the ADA, and this section describes qualified individuals with disabilities. With the evidence from the psychiatrist concerning John’s condition, and the subsequent treatment, there is enough prove that truly John has a mental disability or disorder, which results in mood swing causing negative anger that provokes him to threaten others with violence.

Case 10.1. Electrolux company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case 10.1. Electrolux company - Essay Example What the company did to make this tremendous turn-around is instead of letting each of the departments, like marketing and design, work independently from one another on the same project, they came together and worked as a team. This allowed for stronger visions for a product and newer insight on what different demographics would be looking for in a product. Essentially, the company had stereotyped a person, like â€Å"Catherin,† and became that person to get a feel for what they would want out of a product. Then long and behold, you have the Breeze. This concept proved to be successful for the company. They have other competitors out there that are striving to make the best appliances, and these are companies that have been around a lot longer, like Whirlpool, yet they still have an appeal that the consumers are drawn too. What allowed them to have this advantage is that they pulled the design people to help make the product look appealing in with the engineers of the product who are producing a product that is easy to use yet very effective and different from what is already available, and they had the marketing team there who could help find the best way to get the product sold.

Western Versus Non-western art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Western Versus Non-western art - Essay Example They can be used to pass information from one generation to another. Different traditions have different pieces of artworks that identify their uniqueness. Traditional western civilization had developed in terms of art uniquely as art had developed in traditional Africa. This paper will compare and contrast two artworks that origination from the tradition of western civilization and traditional African culture. Artworks from western civilization tradition are among the most analyzed pieces of art because of their quality, style and depiction. It is important to point out that artworks from western civilization tradition were developed realistically with faithful depictions of beings and matter. This was done in both paintings and sculptures. It is also essential to note that it was the culture that invented ways of depicting three-dimensional objects in two-dimensional formats. In fact, it has been noted to be the unique style in all human cultures (Neer 31). The traditional western civilization that includes Greeks and Romans were known to develop artworks that were progressive in nature. Unlike, Egyptians from African traditions whose artwork did not change considerably in many years, traditional western civilization art changed and transformed as time progressed. As Camille Paglia states in her book, Sexual Personae Egyptians created a clear and perfect piece of art that was known as Apollonian form (Paglia). It later formed the basis of western civilization art. Egyptian art especially sculptures was meant for the preservation of the body after death. Artists used their memory and followed strict rules. Greek artists studied and imitated Egyptian work but developed new pieces unlike Egyptians who followed the traditional school of art (Paglia 17). In comparison to traditional African sculptures such as fang’s reliquary, sculptures from traditional western civilizat

SM Prime Holdings (SMPH): Internal and External Analysis

SM Prime Holdings (SMPH): Internal and External Analysis Introduction Organizations are dynamic nowadays. One reason for this is the complexity of the environment they belong to and the need to constantly respond to this intricacy. Environment consists of various factors that affect how organization operates. These components include both internal and external factors that can either make or break the companys success. In addition to this, they have to react to various trends in which they are subject, for example the emerging environmental awareness of the public. To put all of these into perspective, one company will be used to illustrate how these factors influence the operations of the company. SM Prime Holdings (SMPH) is the mall operations arm of SM Investments Corporation which is todays one of the Philippines biggest conglomerates, occupying a dominant position in most of its lines of business, namely shopping malls; retail merchandising; banking and finance; and property. It all started with a simple vision of its founder and chairman, Mr. Henry Sy, to sell shoes to every Filipino (SMIC, 2009). Today, SMPH is the Philippines largest mall operator that owns and runs world-class malls over the country, providing millions of square meters of floor area for a fully integrated shopping, dining, and entertainment experience (SMIC, 2009). Moreover, it manages the parking area and the amusement facilities of the mall such as SM Cinemas, SM Ice Skating and SM Science Discovery Center. As of December 2008, there are 36 SMPH malls 33 here in the Philippines and 3 in China and this year it is expected that three new SM malls are opening. By the end of 2009 the total gross floor area (GFA) of all SM malls would total to 4.5 million square meters, a 5% increase from 2008s GFA. Above all, SMPH recorded a good financial performance year last year as it delivered a seven percent increase in net profit to Php6.4 billion, from a 12% growth in revenues worth Php17.8 billion (SMPH, 2008). Overview of the Internal Environment Every organization differs from one another. Each has its own unique characteristics that contribute to the over-all success of the company. These unique characteristics are often called the internal environment, which is composed of elements within the organization. These elements include employees, management, and corporate culture (Cliffs Notes, 2009). Out of all of these elements, there are two distinctive attributes that are vital to a company and these are its structure and culture. These two provides background on how the company operates. SMPHs Internal Environment For SMPH, understanding how their internal structure and culture operates allows them to organize, to take advantage of their strengths, to improve their weaknesses, and to develop an environment that breeds and encourages success among its employees (Organizational Culture 101, 2007). Moreover the success of the whole SM Group is attributed to its founder, Mr. Sy, whose determination and passion is considered exceptional. His influence has remained strong and visible both in its organizational structure and culture. Organizational Structure According to Drucker it is the correct design of structure which is of the most significant in determining organizational performance (Mullins, 2005. p. 597). In SMPH, they made sure that the structure is well-defined so that it will lessen confusion for their employees as it limits and controls what they do, for the organization is structured around high levels of formalization and specialization. Also the company has a strict adherence to chain of command that helps employees to identify their position in the company. Lastly, it is highly centralized wherein all decisions have to be made by higher ranking officials (Robbins, 2003, p. 575). In other words, the organizational structure of SMPH describes the management philosophy of Mr. Sy which is conservative yet with fine tuned instincts. Organizational Culture Like every individual, organizations also have their own personality that set them apart from others. In case of SMPH, their work ethics is prominent. For them everything is a serious business. Furthermore, they are guided by traditional Confucian values which are highly influenced by Mr. Sy who is an immigrant from mainland China. Hard work, frugality, discipline, love of study, self-sacrifice for the family welfare and harmonious social relationships are the Confucian values integrated to the company. These are the anchor values of SM Group which are the building blocks of their success (Flores, W. L., 2007). Overview of the External Environment Aside from managing its resources, organizations operate in a larger scale called the external environment. But unlike their internal resources wherein they have a full control of, the external environment suggests otherwise and in some cases may be considered as a threat. The number of the external environment factors is virtually unlimited for there are many macro factors that could impact organizations productivity. The only distinction between these factors is the degree of its impact to the company (NetMBA, 2007). SMPHs External Environment: PESTLE Analysis of SMPH SMPH, being the number one mall operator in the Philippines, regularly reviews its external environment. In their perspective, understanding the environment they belong is vital to the planning function of management for it influences the companys success rate. They identify and analyze the key trends, forces, and phenomena having a potential impact on the formulation and implementation of their strategies. In effect, the environmental assessment attempts to prepare the organization to acclimatize to environmental changes to take advantage of opportunities and to minimize the adverse effects of threats (Appelbaum, 1991). (P)olitics The Philippines is a democratic republic with an elected bicameral legislature, and a multiparty system. Filipinos exercised their right to vote every three years and despite the rumors to the contrary that the current President, Ms. Arroyo would not step down from office; there would be an election next year (US Department of State, 2007). This issue is important for the business sector as the next countrys leader may affect the operations of their organizations. This can influence them due to the reforms the new public officials would take. For SMPH, the results of the upcoming election would greatly affect them because it may affect the stability of the country and may undermine their confidence in their expansion plans. (E)conomics The countrys economic system is mixed economy wherein most of the companies are owned privately; however, government can control when the need for it arises. One of the features of the Philippine economy, it is consumer driven and the sales at the countrys biggest malls have been a gauge of trends in consumer spending. Almost 70% of the countrys gross domestic product (GDP) is contributed by consumer spending. Moreover the 30% of this total consumer spending happens inside malls, and two-thirds of this slice of the pie is accounted to SM alone (Balea, 2009). But according to the Fitch Ratings Inc. the countrys GDP is predicted to be at its lowest at 2.5%, which is lower than the 1998 Asian Crisis (Burgonio, 2009). Given this forecast, this can predict how SMPH would perform this year. This economic downturn will most probably affect the company and would be visible in its financial statements. (S)ocial-Cultural One social-cultural factor that affects organizations is the consumer buying behavior. Consumers are the source of profit of the company and that is why they are researching in great detail to learn the buying behavior of their consumers in order to track consumer trends and respond to it. Understanding the purchasing patterns answers what consumers buy, where they buy, how much they buy, when they buy and why they buy (Kotler Armstrong 2007. p. 129). In a recent survey conducted by the global market research firm Synovate, it revealed that during the six month stretch of December 2008 to April 2009, 92% of residents in Metro Manila, which is comprised of all social brackets and where malls are concentrated, have cut their spending, while 61% did less impulsive buying. Moreover 55% said theyve focused on food and other necessities and spent less on recreation as well as luxury items. In short, Filipinos are still spending but they are spending for the cheaper and basic things (Balea, 2009). Although SMPH may not be directly affected by this buyer behavior, this may affect its tenants total sales. Since tenants rental fees are determined through a percentage of their income or through a fixed monthly rent basis, SMPHs total revenue may squeeze (Narciso, 2009). (T)echnology The continuous improvement of technology has dramatically changed every organizations process; for example new marketing channels were introduced like the internet. Here in the country, internet penetration is still low. As of 2008, only 14.6% of the Philippine population is internet users; however it is forecasted to record a 23% growth annually. If this trend continues it will revolutionize the way Filipinos live. A good example of this is e-commerce, wherein markets, which were once unreachable because of distance and costs, are now open through cyberspace (Internet World Stats, 2009). Although e-commerce is still an unfamiliar territory here in the country wherein only 3% in National Urban Philippines made online purchase, it has a strong promise especially in the coming years due to the increasing accessibility of the internet, greater PC penetration and enactment by the government of appropriately strong e-commerce legislation (Internet World Stats, 2009). With this implication SMPH may find a new competitor by means of the so-called e-malls. This can be a serious threat for the company since this brings many advantages to consumers such as convenience, accessibility, interactivity and immediate response. (L)egal The current legal system of the Philippines is based on the 1987 Constitution but there is an on-going movement that is aimed to revise the current system. According to several lawmakers the business sector would be the number one beneficiary of the constitutional change as the proposed amendments include creation of a more efficient and competitive business environment among others (Rubio, 2009). SMPH is highly subjected to this change. If this would push through, all corporate laws may be altered which would affect how the SMPH operates taxes may rise, new labor codes may be enacted, ownership act may be amended. (E)co-Environment The Philippines is a developing company and as a result of this is the degradation of the natural environment. That is why theres environmental legislation and provision that protects welfare of the environment. Hence these should be followed strictly by both the private and public business sectors. For SMPH, this is very much applicable since they are mall developers. They have to be in compliance with the rules and standards or else they would be penalized (Kirk, 1998, p. 83). A particular example of an environmental legislation that should be followed by SMPH is to secure an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) during the conceptualization stage of their expansion plans. Getting an ECC certifies that the project under consideration will not bring about an unacceptable environmental impact and the proponent has complied with all of the environmental legislation preventing and controlling water, air and land pollution. Securing an ECC is important for SMPH because if they fail to do so all their expansion plans will be put on a halt (Kirk, 1998, p. 83). Competition Here in the Philippines, malls have become a huge phenomenon in the country. Most often than not, whether for recreational, dining or shopping purposes, Filipinos go to mall. With this high demand for shopping malls, this translates competition for SMPH and as of now there are three primary players in the shopping mall industry and these are Ayala Land, Robinsons Land and of course SMPH. Although the industry seems attractive with only 2 competitors for SMPH, the rivalry is still high since both Ayala Land and Robinsons Land are also expanding and has its own loyal customers. But an advantage being in the mall operations business is that it has high barriers to entry due to the huge capital needed to start up a mall, to find strategic locations and to attract reputable anchor tenants. With regards to SMPHs stand against its competitors, SMPH, with a 51 year experience under its belt, is still the mall of choice for tenants since they can enjoy heavy consumer traffic with almost 2.5 million foot traffic. This enormous number of SMPHs customers is due to their malls convenience, affordability and diversity, and these translate to high customer power. But theres also threat for substitutes like no-fuss shopping complexes (e.g. Tutuban Centermall, Greenhills) that is becoming a serious peril due to its cheaper prices. Knowledge Management In our daily lives, knowledge is considered as power. Same goes in businesses. But knowledge management is not merely gathering all the data, for it is more involved in processing all these information into a cohesive knowledge. Being efficient with the sourcing, analyzing, dissemination and storage of knowledge can be a source of competitive advantage for a company. With the case of SMPH, knowledge management is essential especially during times of expansion wherein they gather all information demographics of the area, spending capacity, competitive environment level of commercial and retail activities in the surrounding area and distance from other SM malls that will aid them in decision-making (SMPH, 2008). Financial Management The entire worlds economic system depends upon the exchange rate. The currency exchange rates effect global businesses like a thermometer, it measures the health of global economics (JD Files, 2009). Last year the Philippine Peso (php) was one of the worst performing currencies in Asia, closing at 47.52 php to a dollar. This is a 15% decline from the 2007s 41.29 php. (James, 2008) This can affect SMPH, since most of the Overseas Filipino Workers remittances are spent by their beneficiaries in shopping malls, tourism and entertainment. If the peso weakens, it increases the value of dollar remittances and this translates to more OFW beneficiaries spending in their malls. International Market Entry Many companies successfully operate in a niche market without ever expanding into new markets. However, some businesses could achieve increased sales, brand awareness and business stability by entering a new market (My Business, 2009). For instance, the company could review new geographical market to serve and at this time of globalization, many companies try to penetrate the international market as a source of their growth. Relating this to SMPH, the company expanded internationally through an acquisition of three SM shopping malls in China through a share swap agreement. This move allowed SMPH to gain a foothold in Chinas fast-growing economy and use this as a platform for long-term growth outside the Philippines where it is clearly the dominant player in the mall business (SMPH, 2007). Ecology According to Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, ecology means the scientific study of the processes influencing the distribution and abundance of organisms, the interactions among organisms, and the interactions between organisms and the transformation and flux of energy and matter. (n.d) In other words, ecology is about environmentalism. Today, one of the biggest issues in ecology is the increasing effect of global warming. Global warming as its name suggest is the gradual increase in the temperature here in earth. This is caused by carbon dioxide (CO2) and other air pollution that is collecting in the atmosphere like a thickening blanket, trapping the suns heat and causing the planet to warm up (NRDC, 2009). Major sources of CO2 emissions are deforestation and burning of fossil fuels. This global concern is alarming for it may bring about natural disasters that may affect peoples health, bring ecological imbalance, rise in sea levels and change in crop and food supply. Here in the country, the effects of global warming are now being felt. According to World Wide Foundation (WWF), â€Å"The Philippines is extremely vulnerable to the ravages of climate change. Food and freshwater shortages, receding coastlines and an increase in political and economic turmoil are the bleak picture that climate change paints for the country.† (Burgonio, 2007) With these consequences organizations have taken additional measures to respond to these impending catastrophes since they have the leverage to start the change and besides they are also the biggest offenders. In addition to this, various pressure groups, like WWF, are negotiating the companies to adopt energy-efficient saving measures in their operations to help in the global effort to cut CO2 emissions, the leading cause of global warming. (Burgonio, 2007) Ecology and SMPH SM CARES aims to unify and integrate all SMPHs CSR initiatives that are geared towards caring their shoppers and nurturing Mother Earth. Under SM CARES, the company has therefore taken an aggressive stance in protecting the environment through four major initiatives: Solid Waste Management, Water Conservation, Energy Efficiency, and Air Quality Efficiency. Below are some of SM CARES programs (SMPH, 2008). SM Cares Activities Solid Waste Management SM Supermalls holds Trash to Cash, a recycling market every first Friday and Saturday of the month in all SM Prime malls in the country. Here, the public can convert their recyclable trash into cash. To date, Trash to Cash has generated over Php10 million in recyclable items and is estimated to have saved nearly 11,000 seven-year-old trees. Mall tenants are also educated on the benefits of waste segregation. As a result, solid waste in the malls garbage depots has been reduced by as much as 20% a month and two tons of garbage per mall is diverted away from landfills every week. Water Conservation Since its inception a few years back, SM Supermalls now saves about 2.4 billion liters of precious water every year through tertiary treatment plants that recycle water for use in the cooling towers of the malls air-conditioning systems, toilet flushing, and landscape irrigation. Add to that, the use of waterless urinals in mens toilets save another 315 million liters of water annually. Energy Efficiency SM malls control their air-conditioning systems through the Focus Enterprise Building Management System. This computerized process closely monitors the building temperature to optimally balance supply versus demand for cool air. As such, mall areas that are full of people are made cooler while those less congested are left a bit warmer. The system saves almost 50 million kilowatt hours of electricity per year. All tertiary treatment plants mentioned earlier utilize a device known as a sequential batch reactor that saves up to 500,000 kilowatt hours annually. To reduce the use of light bulbs during the day, the new SM malls are designed to have glass walls and ceilings to light up the mall with sunlight. Lighting has also been replaced from fluorescent to energy efficient bulbs and has saved the malls a considerable amount of kwh annually. SM CARES also avidly supports Earth Hour, an annual global movement that encourages households and establishments to shut down a ll power sources for an hour, thereby heightening awareness for energy conservation. Air Quality Efficiency SM strictly enforces the no-smoking policy inside the malls, and requires all public utility vehicles entering and parking in its mall terminals and depots to present certificates of having passed smoke emission testing. They also encourage the use of bicycles by providing safe parking spaces for them. Green Bags Pioneering efforts to promote eco-shopping in the Philippine retail industry, SM Supermalls recently unveiled the new SM Supermalls Greenbag. The SM Supermalls Greenbag enables shoppers to participate in the global cause to reduce the use of plastic shopping bags. The SM Supermalls Greenbag which is available in all SM malls is made from 100-percent polypropylene (PP) material. It is recyclable, non-toxic, allergy free and nonreactive to human skin. The Greenbags size is equivalent to two regular SM Supermarket shopping bags and has an estimated life span of two years. It is very light, handy and can be folded into a small pack. The SM Supermalls Greenbag comes in four exclusive designs by world-renowned artist Manuel Baldemor, turning this utility item into a prized art piece. Another contribution of SMPH to ecology is through green architecture. Early this year SMPH unveiled their first mall to turn â€Å"green†, the SM North EDSA via the Sky Garden. It uses roof gardens that help in neutralizing global warming for roof gardens are known to reduce the effects of ‘urban heat islands and are energy efficient that cut down up to 20% air-conditioning costs. It also catches rainwater, which will be released into a storm water infrastructure that is subsequently recycled for landscaping and car park maintenance. Lastly roof gardens also lessen the plumbing design and systems expenditure. With all of these green features, the Sky Garden is an example of how a large-scale property developer can contribute to the improvement of the environment (The Philippine Star, 2009). Policies and Decision Making Since SMPH is a mall developer, ecological factors like global warming are always part of their discussion. As a matter fact preserving the environment is part of SMPHs objectives and that is to ensure environmental sustainability through various programs on energy, water and air conservation. For them more than just complying with the legal standards (e.g. environment legislation), they also have the responsibility to the community since their company is in the position to make a difference (SMPH, 2008). The management regularly holds meetings to discuss their effect to the environment as well as to discuss the effectiveness of their programs and their up-and-coming activities. One situation wherein SMPH considers the environment in their decision-making is every time they expand and open new malls. During the conceptualization stage, SMPH constantly explores breakthrough architectural models for its malls that are environment-friendly. The Sky Garden at SM City North EDSA, which is a first in the Philippines, is a noteworthy showcase of the companys innovative thinking. Utilizing the latest in green architecture, the Sky Garden brings their customers closer to nature and at the same time contributes to environmental conservation (The Philippine Star, 2009). To stress even more SMPHs integration of ecology in its company, they held a conference on Sustainability, Energy, and Green Design Initiatives. The conference was aimed at providing a fresh view on how green design initiatives can influence sustainability and promote environmental preservation. Some of the countrys seasoned architects and engineers shared their views on the subject with SMs executives to bring more awareness on how these timely subjects can impact their mall operations (Manila Bulletin, 2008). Through this conference, the management reassessed its policies concerning the environment and recognized the link between a healthy economy and a healthy ecology. Evaluation and Recommendation With all these initiatives on responding to the ecological issues, it seems that SMPH is reacting well but actually they are kind of late already. Their competitor, Ayala Malls, has been the pioneer to this trend and is successful in incorporating ecology programs in their system. Ayala Malls was the first to retrofit the existing structure of their malls to a more eco-friendly one. Furthermore all of their malls show a close-to-nature effect; in contrast to SMPH wherein most of their malls look like a concrete jungle. As a recommendation, SMPH may restructure all of their malls. But this could be done little by little so it will not interrupt the malls activities. Another precaution is that this can be very costly but if SMPH is really determined to be environment-friendly in all their malls this is the best means to show it. An alternative method is to put more in-door plants and garden to make their malls at least appear as eco-friendly. Another first by Ayala Malls is their integration with its mall tenants by means of â€Å"Greenology† that bolsters the malls environment awareness campaign. Through Greenology, Ayala Malls mark the trend of being an eco-friendly and eco-chic establishment by showcasing remarkable events that aims to capture the hearts of concerned mall patrons and environmentalists (Ayala Land, 2008). Although SMPH also has their own mall-wide activities such as Trash to Cash and their Green bag, they do not have monthly activities like the Ayala Malls. In addition to this their tenants do not actively participate as much as those in the Ayala Malls. A likely proposal for SMPH is to create an earth-friendly philosophy encompassing all mall activities that are related to conservation of the environment. Then make an apt title to it so that it will create awareness to the people, like the Ayala Malls Greenology. SMPH should also communicate to its tenants to support and participate in the activities. Together they can brainstorm and come up with ideas that are appropriate with the objective. For example, every month all the mall tenants would feature a product that would help in preserving the environment or are made with environment-friendly materials. But the good news for SMPH is that even though they are not proactive in responding to ecological factors, what matters most is that they are trying to keep up and do all their best to preserve the environment. All of their programs are actually well-thought of and practical. Their advocacies for Solid Waste Management, Water Conservation, Energy Efficiency, and Air Quality Efficiency are properly executed. As a matter of fact, SMPH has received some accolades for these activities including an Outstanding Achievement in Energy Efficiency and Conservation from Don Emilio Abello Awards for Energy Efficiency and Conservation Best Practices for Buildings (SMI, 2008). However with all of these good strategies what is lacking to SMPH is publicity. They do not create so much buzz about their environmental concern and activities that makes the public think that they are not doing anything for the sake of the environment. That is why Ayala Malls remains to be the top of mind of the customers when it comes to being eco-friendly mall. To counter this SMPH should make use of public relations to show their plans in connection to greener lifestyle. They should utilize the different kinds of media to create awareness that they are good corporate citizen. Also they can sponsor events such as the yearly celebration of Earth Day to show their support for nature as well as to use this event to promote the earth-friendly facilities of their mall. All in all, SMPH has been sound with all its action plans towards the emerging environmental awareness and it would probably have a 65% marking since theres still a room for improvement. Conclusion Through the years, SM malls has become synonymous to the phrase one-stop shopping. You can ask any Filipino about what mall comes first into their minds and without batting an eyelash, they will respond and say SM. This is how great the impact SM has to the Filipinos. It is more than just the shopping, dining or entertainment experience it is part of the culture already. But before SM became an icon in the country, it started like any other rags to riches story. Its success can be traced back to its founder, Mr. Henry Sy. Even at his age, Mr. Sy is still very hands-on with the business. The countrys shopping mall magnate is a contrarian who not only survived but prospered after every political and economic crisis in the last five decades. This is because he studies the environment very well and handles every downturn as a challenge to seek new opportunities. These work ethics of Mr. Sy is visible in the company and are the main drivers for the continuous achievement of SM. (Tan-Co, 2001) Also contributing to the accomplishment of SM Group is its response to ecology. Although it is still lagging behind its competitors, SMPH is doing its share to conserve Mother Nature. They have opened their first green mall and have conducted various activities to counter their enormous carbon footprint. All these efforts towards being environment-friendly, shows the commitment of SMPH to be the mall of choice that cares to preserve the nature.

Soung And That Fury :: essays research papers

There are four Compson children, and four chapters in The Sound and the Fury. Each of the three previous chapters has been narrated by one of the Compson children; the only one left is Caddy. Since Caddy is in many ways the most important character in the book, it would be natural to expect Caddy to be the narrator of the fourth section. But instead, Caddy is cut out of the novel completely: this chapter is narrated by a third-person omniscient narrator, and the focus of the section, bewilderingly, is on Dilsey, the Compsons' Negro cook. The end of the novel, and the symbolic ending of the Compson clan, does not occur with a climactic bang, but rather with a kind of fizzling away into insignificance. Jason's loss of the seven thousand dollars--four of which did not belong to him (hence his claim to the sheriff that he had lost three thousand dollars)--and his subsequent, ineffectual chase of Miss Quentin and the man in the red tie are hardly exciting, moving, or tragic events. More important is Dilsey's simple, strong, protective presence, the only thing holding the Compson family together. Dilsey's simple piety enables her to love Benjy and feel unashamed when she takes him to church. Faulkner once called the Compsons "tragic" people and Dilsey a "good" person. This contrast sheds light on the roles of the characters throughout the novel. Dilsey is not obsessed with the passage of time, and is not overcome by the chaos of experience in the same way as the "tragic" characters. Rather, she simply endures through happiness and sadness with the same incorruptible faith and the same will to protect those she cares about. For just a split second at the end of the novel we are taken back into the mind of Benjy,

Essay --

Rodrigo CÃ ©sar is the cancer that grows within Rodrigo Ferreira. From the sculptural craft based tradition where very little space was left for new ideas and approaches to the mediums used (sand, ice, snow, wood, stone, among others), that Ferreira was involved with for over eleven years; CÃ ©sar lifts the veil and crawls outside into this ‘world’ he didn’t born in but grows in. CÃ ©sar comes to be rupturing with this set of skills and knowledge of Ferreira’s mainly practical past, but as well strong visual ‘media’ based experience, in a constant search for what’s ahead in the distance, passing thru the dark with his arms stretched, palpably towards the uncertain. Currently working in a variety of media, his practice spans into installation, performance, video and sound. With the use of found objects and materials detoured from their route and extracted from a day-to-day context. CÃ ©sar challenges and questions, with the use of juxtaposition and appropriation of the symbols carried within the collected objects, in the shape of a site responsive installation, the logic of a capitalist c... Essay -- Rodrigo CÃ ©sar is the cancer that grows within Rodrigo Ferreira. From the sculptural craft based tradition where very little space was left for new ideas and approaches to the mediums used (sand, ice, snow, wood, stone, among others), that Ferreira was involved with for over eleven years; CÃ ©sar lifts the veil and crawls outside into this ‘world’ he didn’t born in but grows in. CÃ ©sar comes to be rupturing with this set of skills and knowledge of Ferreira’s mainly practical past, but as well strong visual ‘media’ based experience, in a constant search for what’s ahead in the distance, passing thru the dark with his arms stretched, palpably towards the uncertain. Currently working in a variety of media, his practice spans into installation, performance, video and sound. With the use of found objects and materials detoured from their route and extracted from a day-to-day context. CÃ ©sar challenges and questions, with the use of juxtaposition and appropriation of the symbols carried within the collected objects, in the shape of a site responsive installation, the logic of a capitalist c...

Wildlife Conservation

Do you remember going to the zoo as a child? The excitement of seeing something exotic, the terror of hearing a lion roar, the amazement of seeing a giraffe's long neck. Everyone has a favourite animal. It could be a tiger, an elephant or a hippo. Now think of your favourite animal, an animal that in some way or another defined you, dying in the next hour. It is predicted 3 unique species die out every hour. That's 72 unique species every day. That's 23,208 unique species every year. 26,208. Any animal lover understands the extent of the problem we now face. We are leading ourselves into a cataclysmic hole and in the very near future, the it will threaten the entire destiny of mankind. Over the last 30 years, over 30,000 species have died. This figure begs belief. Just the thought of there being 30,000 species that will go undocumented by mankind and not seen ever again is a horrific thought. Some plants are economically and medically very important to humanity. Nearly all drugs have some connection with plants and there is every possibility that an undiscovered plant could cure all diseases around the world. Plants are the root(if you pardon the pun) and cornerstone of the ecologies around the world, and not to mention if plants die out so do we. It's as simple as that. If the last few years are to go by , our fortune isn't looking too good. Carbon emissions have gone up by threefold and 1.5 acres of rainforest are lost every second with tragic consequences for both developing and industrial countries. 129,600 acres of rainforest is lost every day. That's the equivalent of losing an area of the size of Greece every day. Now some people may argue that this is just rubbish and the world is not dying, that there is no element of truth in this information at all. All facts used in this leaflet are true. The judgement has to be left to you. Do you think the world is dying? For those who think the world is dying there is still some hope. As far as I can see , the only way we can save endangered species is by wildlife conservation. To prevent the extinction of beloved species, there are many things you can do. You can start of by doing small steps such as researching about wildlife preservation or by making the problem more widely known. But if you want to make a bigger change to the way how the world is run you should join wildlife conservation societies such as The Nature Conservancy or the World Wildlife Fund. If we change our ways we can save the world. If we change our ways we can secure the future. If we change our ways your children will be able to live. But we have to change our habits now. Wildlife Conservation Do you remember going to the zoo as a child? The excitement of seeing something exotic, the terror of hearing a lion roar, the amazement of seeing a giraffe's long neck. Everyone has a favourite animal. It could be a tiger, an elephant or a hippo. Now think of your favourite animal, an animal that in some way or another defined you, dying in the next hour. It is predicted 3 unique species die out every hour. That's 72 unique species every day. That's 23,208 unique species every year. 26,208. Any animal lover understands the extent of the problem we now face. We are leading ourselves into a cataclysmic hole and in the very near future, the it will threaten the entire destiny of mankind. Over the last 30 years, over 30,000 species have died. This figure begs belief. Just the thought of there being 30,000 species that will go undocumented by mankind and not seen ever again is a horrific thought. Some plants are economically and medically very important to humanity. Nearly all drugs have some connection with plants and there is every possibility that an undiscovered plant could cure all diseases around the world. Plants are the root(if you pardon the pun) and cornerstone of the ecologies around the world, and not to mention if plants die out so do we. It's as simple as that. If the last few years are to go by , our fortune isn't looking too good. Carbon emissions have gone up by threefold and 1.5 acres of rainforest are lost every second with tragic consequences for both developing and industrial countries. 129,600 acres of rainforest is lost every day. That's the equivalent of losing an area of the size of Greece every day. Now some people may argue that this is just rubbish and the world is not dying, that there is no element of truth in this information at all. All facts used in this leaflet are true. The judgement has to be left to you. Do you think the world is dying? For those who think the world is dying there is still some hope. As far as I can see , the only way we can save endangered species is by wildlife conservation. To prevent the extinction of beloved species, there are many things you can do. You can start of by doing small steps such as researching about wildlife preservation or by making the problem more widely known. But if you want to make a bigger change to the way how the world is run you should join wildlife conservation societies such as The Nature Conservancy or the World Wildlife Fund. If we change our ways we can save the world. If we change our ways we can secure the future. If we change our ways your children will be able to live. But we have to change our habits now.